Riparian zones represent transitional areas occurring between land and freshwater ecosystems, characterised by distinctive hydrology, soil and biotic conditions and strongly influenced by the stream water. They provide a wide range of riparian functions (e.g. chemical filtration, flood control, bank stabilization, aquatic life and riparian wildlife support, etc.) and ecosystem services. The Riparian Zones products support the objectives of several European legal acts and policy initiatives, such as the EU Biodiversity Strategy to 2020, the Habitats and Birds Directives and the Water Framework Directive. Green Linear Elements (GLE) are ecologically significant, structural landscape elements which act as important dispersion vectors of biodiversity. GLEs comprise hedgerows and lines of trees and offer a wide range of ecosystem services: they are linked to both landscape richness and fragmentation of habitats, with a direct potential for restoration, and contribute also to hazard protection. Green linear elements form part of the Green Infrastructure and are specifically addressed in the EU Biodiversity Strategy 2020. The GLE product provides reliable and detailed geospatial information on the occurrence and spatial distribution of: Small linear vegetation features such as hedgerows, scrub and tree rows with a minimum length of 100m and a width of up to 10m; Isolated patches of trees and scrub with a size between 500 m² and 0.5 ha. Green linear elements including trees and hedgerows with 100m minimum length and 500 m² Minimum Mapping Unit (MMU)

Á síðustu árum hefur gögnum verið aflað fyrir nýtt landhæðarlíkan norðurhveli jarðar, norðan við 60°N, þar með talið af Íslandi. Almennt er það nefnt Arctic-landhæðaríkan (e. ArcticDEM) og er unnið af Bandaríkjamönnum. Vinnan fer fram við Polar Geospatial Center (PGC) sem er innan veggja Minnesota háskóla. Líkanið er unnið úr gervitunglamyndum og eru notuð myndpör (stereoscopic) frá gervitunglum á borð við WorldView-1, WorldView-2, WorldView-3 og GeoEye-1. Greinihæfni mynda frá þessum tunglum er á bilinu 31-46 cm. Með þessum gögnum er unnið landhæðaríkan þar sem minnstu reitir eru 2x2 m. Þetta þýðir að ef öllu Íslandi er deilt upp í 4 m2 reiti hefur hver slíkur eitt hæðargildi. Þær myndir sem notaðar eru til verkefnisins eru yfirleitt 2-3 ára en allt að 6-7 ára gamlar. Mjög öflugur hugbúnaður er notaður við verkið og hefur miklum gögnum þegar verið komið á framfæri en allir geta sótt gögnin á niðurhalssíðu PGC. Þótt gögnin teljist almennt góð er engu að síður þörf á að lagfæra eða leiðrétta agnúa sem í þeim finnast. Landmælingar Íslands hafa sótt gögnin og þar fer fram vinna við lagfæringar þeirra. Þetta sýnishorn af Herðubreið er dæmi um þá vinnu sem Landmælingar nú hafa með höndum. Gögnin innihalda landhæðarlíkan (2-m-greinihæfni), 2-m-hæðarlínur og hæðarskyggingu (hillshade). Umrædd hæðargögn fyrir Herðubreið byggjast einkum á WorldView-1 gervitunglamynd frá 16. júlí, 2012. Recently, elevation data has been acquired for a new elevation model for the Arctic, i.e. north of 60°N that includes Iceland. This model is referred to as the ArcticDEM and the project is carried out by the US. The work is conducted by the Polar Geospatial Center (PGC) at the University of Minnesota. The DEM is based on satellite imagery of stereo-pairs from satellites such as WorldView-1, WorldView-2, WorldView-3 and GeoEye-1 that have a resolution of 31-46 cm. The DEM product has a resolution of up to 2 m, which means that if the whole of Iceland was divided into 4 square meter areas, each such area would have an elevation value. The used imagery used is mostly between 2 and 3 years old, up 6 to 7 years old. Powerful software/hardware is used for this project and already immense amount of DEM data has been made available and can be downloaded from the Polar Geospatial Center. Although the data is generally of high quality there is, however, need to carry out considerable work to eliminate clear defects. The National Land Survey has acquired the data and presently work is conducted on gap filling, elevation cone removal and geoid corrections and the Herðubreið DEM is an example this work. The Herðubreið data set consists of a digital elevation model with 2 m resolution, 2 m contour line data set and a hillshade made from the model. The model is mainly based on a WorldView-1 satellite image obtained on July 16th 2012.

Corine Land Cover (CLC) 2012 and CLC change 2006-2012 are two of the datasets produced within the frame of the Initial Operations of the Copernicus programme (the European Earth monitoring programme previously known as GMES) on land monitoring. Corine Land Cover (CLC) provides consistent information on land cover and land cover changes across Europe. This inventory was initiated in 1985 (reference year 1990) and established a time series of land cover information with updates in 2000, 2006 and 2012 being the last one. CLC products are based on photointerpretation of satellite images by national teams of participating countries - the EEA member and cooperating countries – following a standard methodology and nomenclature with the following base parameters: 44 classes in the hierarchical three level Corine nomenclature; minimum mapping unit (MMU) for status layers is 25 hectares; minimum width of linear elements is 100 metres; minimum mapping unit (MMU) for Land Cover Changes (LCC) for the change layers is 5 hectares. The resulting national land cover inventories are further integrated into a seamless land cover map of Europe.Land cover and land use (LCLU) information is important not only for land change research, but also more broadly for the monitoring of environmental change, policy support, the creation of environmental indicators and reporting. CLC datasets provide important datasets supporting the implementation of key priority areas of the Environment Action Programmes of the European Union as protecting ecosystems, halting the loss of biological diversity, tracking the impacts of climate change, assessing developments in agriculture and implementing the EU Water Framework Directive, among others.More about the Corine Land Cover (CLC) and Copernicus land monitoring data in general can be found at http://land.copernicus.eu/.

Á síðustu árum hefur gögnum verið aflað fyrir nýtt landhæðarlíkan norðurhveli jarðar, norðan við 60°N, þar með talið af Íslandi. Almennt er það nefnt Arctic-landhæðaríkan (e. ArcticDEM) og er unnið af Bandaríkjamönnum. Vinnan fer fram við Polar Geospatial Center (PGC) sem er innan veggja Minnesota háskóla. Líkanið er unnið úr gervitunglamyndum og eru notuð myndpör (stereoscopic) frá gervitunglum á borð við WorldView-1, WorldView-2, WorldView-3 og GeoEye-1. Greinihæfni mynda frá þessum tunglum er á bilinu 31-46 cm. Með þessum gögnum er unnið landhæðaríkan þar sem minnstu reitir eru 2x2 m. Þetta þýðir að ef öllu Íslandi er deilt upp í 4 m2 reiti hefur hver slíkur eitt hæðargildi. Þær myndir sem notaðar eru til verkefnisins eru yfirleitt 2-3 ára en allt að 6-7 ára gamlar. Mjög öflugur hugbúnaður er notaður við verkið og hefur miklum gögnum þegar verið komið á framfæri en allir geta sótt gögnin á niðurhalssíðu PGC. Þótt gögnin teljist almennt góð er engu að síður þörf á að lagfæra eða leiðrétta agnúa sem í þeim finnast. Landmælingar Íslands hafa sótt gögnin og þar fer fram vinna við lagfæringar þeirra. Þetta sýnishorn frá Suðvesturlandi er dæmi um þá vinnu sem Landmælingar nú hafa með höndum. Gögnin innihalda landhæðarlíkan (2-m-greinihæfni), 2-m-hæðarlínur og hæðarskyggingu (hillshade). Recently, elevation data has been acquired for a new elevation model for the Arctic, i.e. north of 60°N that includes Iceland. This model is referred to as the ArcticDEM and the project is carried out by the US. The work is conducted by the Polar Geospatial Center (PGC) at the University of Minnesota. The DEM is based on satellite imagery of stereo-pairs from satellites such as WorldView-1, WorldView-2, WorldView-3 and GeoEye-1 that have a resolution of 31-46 cm. The DEM product has a resolution of up to 2 m, which means that if the whole of Iceland was divided into 4 square meter areas, each such area would have an elevation value. The used imagery used is mostly between 2 and 3 years old, up 6 to 7 years old. Powerful software/hardware is used for this project and already immense amount of DEM data has been made available and can be downloaded from the Polar Geospatial Center. Although the data is generally of high quality there is, however, need to carry out considerable work to eliminate clear defects. The National Land Survey has acquired the data and presently work is conducted on gap filling, elevation cone removal and geoid corrections and the Kleifarvatn DEM is an example this work. The Lake Kleifarvatn data set consists of a digital elevation model with 2 m resolution, 2 m contour line data set and a hillshade made from the model.

The combined Water and Wetness product is a thematic product showing the occurrence of water and wet surfaces over the period from 2009 to 2015. Two products are available: o The main Water and Wetness (WAW) product with defined classes of (1) permanent water, (2) temporary water, (3) permanent wetness and (4) temporary wetness. o The additional expert product: Water & Wetness Probability Index (WWPI) The products show the occurrence of water and indicate the degree of wetness in a physical sense, assessed independently of the actual vegetation cover and are thus not limited to a specific land cover class and their relative frequencies. A verification of the Water and Wetness layer was performed by the National Land Survey of Iceland during autumn of 2018 and the data and resulting report are made available on the NLSI websites.

The Corine Land Cover datasets CLC2000, CLC2006and CLC change 2000-2006 are produced within the frame of the GMES land monitoringproject.Corine Land Cover (CLC) provides consistent information on land cover and land cover changes across Europe. This inventory was initiated in 1985 (reference year 1990) and established a time series of land cover information with updates in 2000 and 2006.CLC products are based on photointerpretation of satellite images by national teams of participating countries - the EEA member and cooperating countries – following a standard methodology and nomenclature with the following base parameters: 44 classes in the hierarchical three level Corine nomenclature; minimum mapping unit (MMU) for status layers is 25 hectares; minimum width of linear elements is 100 metres; minimum mapping unit (MMU) for Land Cover Changes (LCC) for the change layers is 5 hectares. The resulting national land cover inventories are further integrated into a seamless land cover map of Europe.Land cover and land use (LCLU) information is important not only for land change research, but also more broadly for the monitoring of environmental change, policy support, the creation of environmental indicators and reporting. CLC datasets provide important datasets supporting the implementation of key priority areas of the Environment Action Programmes of the European Union as protecting ecosystems, halting the loss of biological diversity, tracking the impacts of climate change, assessing developments in agriculture and implementing the EU Water Framework Directive, among others.More about the Corine Land Cover (CLC) and Copernicus land monitoring data in general can be found at http://land.copernicus.eu/.

The Corine Land Cover datasets CLC2000, CLC2006 and CLC change 2000-2006 areproduced within the frame of the GMES land monitoring project. Corine Land Cover (CLC) provides consistent information on land cover and land cover changes across Europe. This inventory was initiated in 1985 (reference year 1990) and established a time series of land cover information with updates in 2000 and 2006.CLC products are based on photointerpretation of satellite images by national teams of participating countries - the EEA member and cooperating countries – following a standard methodology and nomenclature with the following base parameters: 44 classes in the hierarchical three level Corine nomenclature; minimum mapping unit (MMU) for status layers is 25 hectares; minimum width of linear elements is 100 metres; minimum mapping unit (MMU) for Land Cover Changes (LCC) for the change layers is 5 hectares. The resulting national land cover inventories are further integrated into a seamless land cover map of Europe.Land cover and land use (LCLU) information is important not only for land change research, but also more broadly for the monitoring of environmental change, policy support, the creation of environmental indicators and reporting. CLC datasets provide important datasets supporting the implementation of key priority areas of the Environment Action Programmes of the European Union as protecting ecosystems, halting the loss of biological diversity, tracking the impacts of climate change, assessing developments in agriculture and implementing the EU Water Framework Directive, among others.More about the Corine Land Cover (CLC) and Copernicus land monitoring data in general can be found at http://land.copernicus.eu/.

Riparian zones represent transitional areas occurring between land and freshwater ecosystems, characterised by distinctive hydrology, soil and biotic conditions and strongly influenced by the stream water. They provide a wide range of riparian functions (e.g. chemical filtration, flood control, bank stabilization, aquatic life and riparian wildlife support, etc.) and ecosystem services. The Riparian Zones products will support the objectives of several European legal acts and policy initiatives, such as the EU Biodiversity Strategy to 2020, the Habitats and Birds Directives and the Water Framework Directive. Land Cover/Land Use (LC/LU) classification is tailored to the needs of biodiversity monitoring in a tailored buffer zone along large and medium-sized European rivers (with Strahler levels 3-8 derived from EU-Hydro). LC/LU is extracted from VHR satellite data and other available data in a buffer zone of selected rivers. The classes follow the pre-defined nomenclature on the basis of MAES typology of ecosystems (Level 1 to Level 4) and Corine Land Cover, providing 80 distinct thematic classes with a Minimum Mapping Unit (MMU) of 0.5 ha and a Minimum Mapping Width (MMW) of 10 m. The production of the Riparian Zones products was coordinated by the European Environment Agency in the frame of the EU Copernicus programme.